圜丘坛

圜丘坛
在天坛南部。
是皇帝冬至日祭大的地方,故又称祭大台、拜天台、祭台等。
明嘉靖九年(1530年)建,原坛面及护栏都是蓝色琉璃砖砌成,清乾隆十四年(1749年)扩建,栏板望柱改用汉白玉,坛面改用艾叶青石。
坛圆形三层,各层栏板望柱及台阶数目均用阳数(又称“天数”,即九及九的倍数)。
坛面除中心石是圆形外,外围各圈均为扇面形,数目也是阳数。
坛外有壝墙(矮围墙)两重,内壝圆形,外壝方形,四面各有汉白玉四住三门根星门一座。
西南角有望灯台三座(南北两座只余遗迹),坛南有潘柴炉、痊坎、具服台等。
圜丘坛的附属建筑有皇穹宇及其配庞、神库、神厨、宰牲亭、三库(祭器库、乐器库、棕荐库)等。

China Attractions dictionary (中国名胜词典). 2013.

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